Which statement best defines escalation in use-of-force terms?

• A. Decreasing the use of force or resistance.
• B. A calm negotiation without any use of force.
• C. Disengagement from the encounter.
• D. Increasing the use of force or resistance.

Answer: (D)

Escalation in use-of-force terms means increasing the level of force as the subject’s resistance or threat grows. It’s the progression from lower-force options (presence, verbal commands) to higher-force options (empty-hand control, impact devices, less-lethal tools, up to lethal force) in proportion to the situation. The idea is to match the response to the level of threat and to move up through authorized options only as needed.

The statement that describes this as increasing the use of force or resistance fits this concept exactly. The other ideas describe reducing force, avoiding force entirely, or disengaging—these are forms of de-escalation or assistance in ending the encounter without escalating.